ESO and ESA agreed to establish a number of Working Groups to explorepossible synergies between these two major European astronomical institutions.This Working Group's mandate was to concentrate on fundamental questions incosmology, and the scope for tackling these in Europe over the next ~15 years.One major resulting recommendation concerns the provision of new generations ofimaging survey, where the image quality and near-IR sensitivity that can beattained only in space are naturally matched by ground-based imaging andspectroscopy to yield massive datasets with well-understood photometricredshifts (photo-z's). Such information is essential for a range of newcosmological tests using gravitational lensing, large-scale structure, clustersof galaxies, and supernovae. Great scope in future cosmology also exists forELT studies of the intergalactic medium and space-based studies of the CMB andgravitational waves; here the synergy is less direct, but these areas willremain of the highest mutual interest to the agencies. All these recommendedfacilities will produce vast datasets of general applicability, which will havea tremendous impact on broad areas of astronomy.
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